Drinking water can be obtained from ground water sources (e.g. wells and aquifers) or from surface water sources (e.g. lakes, rivers or purpose-built reservoirs). The primary aim in water treatment is the elimination of any pathogenic microorganisms so it is safe for consumption.
Wastewater can be obtained from homes, businesses, and industries and delivered to faculties for treatment before it can be reused. The primary aim in wastewater treatment is to remove particles, suspended solids, organic pollutants, nitrogen and phosphorous using a combination of physical, biological, and chemical processes.